中大網(wǎng)校

（七）一般將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)

構(gòu)成：will/shall +do 動(dòng)詞原形

1 基本用法：表示將來(lái)要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或者狀態(tài)，常和tomorrow明天，next week/month/year 下個(gè)星期 /月/年，in a few days 幾天以后連用

e.g. he’ll come next week.
we shall know the result結(jié)果 tomorrow.
i shall go to beijing next year.

否定式：shall/will +not +do

i shall not go to beijing next year.

疑問(wèn)式：shall/will +主語(yǔ)+do

will you go to beijing next year?

2 be going to 結(jié)構(gòu)也表示打算做某事

e.g. he is going to buy her some flowers.

i’m not going to argue 辯論with you tonight.

it’s going to rain soon

3 be +to do 不定式結(jié)構(gòu)也表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，往往是已經(jīng)安排好的事情，也可以表示要求做的事情

e.g. she is to be married next month.她定于下月結(jié)婚
     the expedition is to start in a week’s time    探險(xiǎn)隊(duì)將于一周后出發(fā)
     you’re to stay here till we return.返回
     he says that we are to wait till he comes.

4   be about to do 表示將要發(fā)生的事情

e.g. they’re about to start.

i am just about to fall into落入掉進(jìn) a doze 瞌睡when he started up.突然出現(xiàn)

5 be due to do 表示定于----

e.g. they are due to meet 相見again 再次tomorrow.

she is due to graduate 畢業(yè)next summer.

the bridge is due to be completed完成 next month.

(八)過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)

構(gòu)成：should/would +do

1基本用法：表示在過(guò)去將來(lái)的某一時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或者存在的狀態(tài)。如果出現(xiàn)在從句中，主句往往用于過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)（一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)）。

e.g. he said that he would come back the next day.

you knew i would come.

否定式：should /would +not +do

疑問(wèn)式： should/would +主語(yǔ)+ do

be going to do

am/is going to do --------------was going to do

are going to do ----------------were going to do

be to +do

am/is to do ----------------------was to do

are to do ------------------------were to do

be about to do

am/is about to do ----------------was about to do

are about to do --------------------were about to do

be due to do

am/is due to do ----------------was due to do

are due to do --------------------were due to do

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將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)：will/shall +be+doing

將來(lái)某一時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作

e.g. i’ll be waiting for you outside.在外面

過(guò)去將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)： should/would +be +doing

過(guò)去將來(lái)某一時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作

e.g. he said he would be watching tv that night.

將來(lái)完成時(shí)態(tài)：shall/will +have +動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞

過(guò)去將來(lái)完成時(shí)態(tài)：should /would +have +動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞

被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：

英語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)態(tài)：語(yǔ)態(tài)是動(dòng)詞的一種形式，用以表示主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)的關(guān)系分為主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者；被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者。

eg. i beat you . (我打你) you are beaten by me. (你被我打了)

當(dāng)主語(yǔ)不能夠自己發(fā)出的動(dòng)作時(shí)，就要用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)

1、構(gòu)成： be+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞（vt）翻譯成：被--- 受到--- 遭到---

2、主動(dòng)與被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的轉(zhuǎn)換。

第一步：找到主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中的賓語(yǔ)，把賓語(yǔ)變成主語(yǔ)；

第二步：謂語(yǔ)變成 be+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞;

第三步: 介詞 by+主語(yǔ)

eg: ① 主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)： a young lady runs the supermarket.

主語(yǔ) 謂語(yǔ) 賓語(yǔ)

被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：the supermarket is run by a young lady.

② 主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)： we built that house in 1981.

主語(yǔ) 謂語(yǔ) 賓語(yǔ) 狀語(yǔ)

被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變換分步：that house

①

that house was built

②

that house was built by us in 1981.

③

3、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的各種形式：

be+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞（be 有人稱、時(shí)態(tài)和數(shù)的變化）

	一般時(shí)態(tài)	進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)	完成時(shí)態(tài)
現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)	is am worked are	is am being worked are	has been worked have
過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)	was worked were	was being worked were	had been worked
將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)	shall be workd will		① be worked ② has/have been worked ③ shall/will have been worked
將來(lái)過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)	should be worked would		should have been worked would

先變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，然后變各個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)

① 否定式：找第一個(gè)助動(dòng)詞，后面+not；

② 疑問(wèn)式：找第一個(gè)助動(dòng)詞，然后提前；

③ 如帶有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，如：can / could、 may / might、must+be+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞沒(méi)有人稱和數(shù)的變化。

eg : this must be done as soon as possible.

④ 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的動(dòng)詞往往是及物動(dòng)詞，如果是不及物動(dòng)詞往往需要與介詞結(jié)合在一起，構(gòu)成一個(gè)及物動(dòng)詞詞組，不能去掉。

eg : we are looking into the case.

不及物動(dòng)詞詞組

the case is being looked into by us.

⑤ 主+謂+從句變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)

eg : they reported that he had resigned (辭職)

it作為形式主語(yǔ)

it was reported that he had resigned.

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