play[plei]n. 游戲(amusement, fun, recreation)，運動(sport, exercise)，戲劇(drama, performance)v. 玩(have fun)，扮演(act, perform, represent, take the part of)，播放(operate, switch on)，進行比賽(challenge, compete against, oppose)
play a joke on sb. 開某人的玩笑
come into play 開始活動，開始起作用
bring...into play 使...開始活動/開始運轉
play a part in... 在...中扮演一個角色, 參與...
play an important role in... 在...中起重要作用
play tricks on... 捉弄...
play with ... 與...一起玩
player['pleiə] n.比賽者(competitor), 演員(actor, actress, entertainer, performer)，做游戲的人
please [pli:z] vt.使喜歡(amuse, delight, entertain, make happy), 使?jié)M足(satisfy, content)int.請
please hold on. 請別掛上
be pleased with oneself 得意, 洋洋自得
e.g. please let me know my balance.余額
point[pɔint]n. 點(sharp end, tip)，地點(location, place, position, site, situation)，分數(shù)(mark)，要點(aim, essence, goal, idea, intention, meaning, motive, object, objective, purpose, subject, theme)v.指向(direct, guide, lead, steer)，指出(indicate, show)
point out... 指出...
point at/to... 指向...
make a point of... 重視...
e.g. i'm in a hurry, so come to the point.
policy ['pɔlisi]n. 政策(intentions, plan of action, program, proposals)，方針(code of conduct, guidelines, practice, rules, strategy, tactics)， 保險單(document)
foreign policy 對外政策
policy maker 決策者
policy of insurance 保險單
e.g. honesty is the best policy.
polish ['pɔliʃ]v. 擦亮(brush up)，推敲n. 光澤(brightness, shine)，優(yōu)雅(grace)
polish shoes 擦鞋
polish up... 擦亮...，改善...，提高...
polish off 草草做完
polish the apple 討人歡心， 拍馬屁
e.g. polished my buttons with a handkerchief.['hæŋkətʃi:f]
pollute[pə'lu:t] vt. 弄臟，污染(contaminate, infect, poison, stain)
be polluted with... 為...所污染
polluted air 被污染的空氣
polluting strength 污染強度
e.g. the river has been polluted by waste products from the factory.
pollution [pə'lu:ʃən] n.污染(contamination)
air pollution 大氣污染
environment pollution 環(huán)境污染
e.g. many young people could not resist the spiritual['spiritjuəl]精神上 pollution.
population [,pɔpju'leiʃən] n. 人口(citizens, community, inhabitants, natives, residents)
population boom 人口爆炸
population census ['sensəs] 人口普查
e.g. what is the population of this country?
portion['pɔ:ʃən]n. 一部分(bit, fraction, fragment, part, piece, ration, section, segment, share, slice)
a portion of ... 一部分...
e.g. the driver must bear a portion of the blame for the accident.
pose [pəuz] v. 提出(ask, present, put forward, suggest)，造成（cause），使擺好姿勢n. 姿勢(position)
pose an argument 提出觀點
e.g. let's pose for a group photo.
position [pə'ziʃən]n. 位置(location,place, point, site, spot)，職位(employment, job, occupation)，立場(attitude, opinion, perspective, standpoint, view, viewpoint)，形勢(situation, state, circumstances, condition)
in a difficult position 處于困難境況
be in a position to do sth. 能夠...，有...的機會
put oneself in sb.’s position 設身處地
e.g. before the debate[di'beit], both sides made their positions clear.
possibility[,pɔsə'biliti]
n. 可能性(chance, feasibility, opportunity, potential, probability)，可能發(fā)生的事物
there is no possibility of... 不可能...
e.g. let's examine this possibility.
post[pəʊst]
n. 柱(column, pillar, pole), 崗位(location, place, point, position),職位(employment, job, position, occupation, work), 郵政(mail)vt. 張貼(put up, stick up),郵遞(mail, send, transmit)
post card 明信片
post office 郵電局
post letters 郵寄信件
post-free 免郵資的, 郵資已付的
e.g. tell me where i can post them.
power ['pauə]
n. 能力(ability, capability, competence, faculty, mighty, skill, talent)，動力(energy, mighty, force, strength, vigor)，權力(authority, right)
vt.供以動力，激勵(inspire, prompt, motivate)
come into power (開始)掌權，上臺
fall from power 下野，下臺
power politics 強權政治
power station 發(fā)電所
e.g. sitting out here, you really can feel the power of the sun.
practice ['præktis]
n.實際(application, effect, reality)，練習(exercise, training)，實習，開業(yè)(business)，慣例(custom, habit, tradition)
v.練習(exercise, train, warm up)， 實踐(apply, carry out, do, engage in, perform, put into practice)，開業(yè)
put...into practice 實施...
have a practice of... 有...的習慣
practice medicine 行醫(yī)
in practice 實際上
practice lesson 實習課
e.g. practice makes perfect. 熟能生巧.
praise [preiz]
vt. 贊揚(admire, applaud, compliment)
n.贊揚，贊美(applause, approval, compliment)
in praise of... 為贊美...
speak in praise of... 贊美...
e.g. let us give praise to god.
prefer [pri'fə:]
vt. (preferred, preferred, preferring)更喜歡，寧愿(choosem favor, like, pick out, single out, vote for)
prefer ...rather than... 寧愿[愿意]...而不愿...
prefer a to b 喜歡a勝過b
e.g. i much prefer cats to dogs.
prepare [pri'pɛə]
v. 準備，預備(arrange, get ready, organize, plan)
be prepared for [to do] 準備著...
prepare against... 準備應付(不好的事情)
prepare for... 為...作準備
prepare oneself for(= be prepared for/be ready for )
為...作準備
e.g. he is preparing his speech for the meeting tomorrow.
presence ['prezns]
n. 出席(attendance)，存在(existence)
in the presence of sb. (= in sb.’s presence) 在某人眼前
with presence of mind 鎮(zhèn)定，沉著
e.g. she was so quiet that her presence was hardly noticed.
present[pri'zent]
n. 禮物(gift)，現(xiàn)在(present time)
adj. 現(xiàn)在的(current)，出席的(at hand, here, in attendance)
vt.介紹(introduce)，贈送(award, confer, donate, give, hand over. offer)，提出(put forward)
at present 現(xiàn)在，目前
for the present 眼前，暫時
present oneself 出席，到場
present evidence [律]提供證據(jù)
present sb. with sth. 贈送某人某物
e.g. how about your present salary?
preserve [pri'zə:v]
vt.保存 (conserve, keep, retain, look after, sustain, keep safe)， 維持(defend, guard, maintain, protect, secure, sustain)， 防腐
preserve peace 維持和平
preserve nature 保護自然
preserve food 保藏食物
preserve... from... 保護...使其不遭受...(損害)
e.g. i think these interesting old customs should be preserved.
press [pres]
v. 壓(compress, condense, crush, squeeze)，按(depress, push)，熨平(衣服等)( iron) n.新聞界(newspaper, magazines, the media)，壓，按
at (the) press (=in press/come to the press)
adv.在印刷中
press conference 記者招待會
press the button 按按鈕
press... on... 把...強加于...
e.g. press this button to start the engine.
pressure ['preʃə]
n. 壓，壓力，壓迫(burden, force, load, power, stress, weight)
under pressure 被迫地， 在強制下
release the pressure 釋放壓力
air pressure 氣壓
e.g. we must bring pressure in him.
prevent [pri'vent]
v. 防止，預防(avoid, take precautions against)， 阻止(check, hamper, hinder, stop)
prevent diseases 預防疾病
prevent...(from)... 阻止...做(某事)， 預防...遭受到...
e.g. what can we do to prevent the disease spreading?
price [prais]
n. 價格，代價vt. 給...定價
at any price 無論花多大代價
at the price of... 以...的代價，以...的價格
pay the price for... 為...付出代價
adjust the price 調(diào)價
reduce the price 降價
raise the price 漲價, 提價
price bargain 討價還價
e.g. this is our latest price list.
principle ['prinsəpl]
n. 原則，行為準則(belief, doctrine, rule, values) ，(pl.)原理(essentials, laws, fundamentals)
by/on principle 按照原則，根據(jù)原則
in principles 基本上，原則上
stick to one’s principles 堅持某人的原則
moral principles 道德標準
principle of work 工作原理
e.g. we adhere to the principle that everyone should be treated fairly.
problem ['prɔbləm]
n.問題(mystery, puzzle, question)，難題(burden, difficulty, dilemma, headache, trouble, worry)
solve a problem 解決問題
problem of unemployment 失業(yè)問題
problem child 難管教的兒童
e.g. the students are working on a mathematical problem.
procedure[prə'si:dʒə]
n. 程序, 手續(xù)(course of action, process, routine, system, proceeding)
procedure of teaching 教學程序
e.g. he studied out a new procedure.
process[prə'ses]
n. 過程(course, development, evolution, experience), 步驟(method, operation, technique)
vt. 加工, 處理(alter, change, convert, deal with, prepare, refine, transform, treat)
in the process of... 在...的過程中
e.g. producing a dictionary is a slow process.
produce [prə'dju:s]
vt. 提出(bring out, disclose, display, exhibit, furnish, offer, present, put forward, reveal, show, supply)，制造(construct, create, form, generate, give rise to, make, manufacture, result in,turn out)，結(果實)(grow, yield)，創(chuàng)作(compose, develop, invent, think up)n. 產(chǎn)物，農(nóng)產(chǎn)品(crop, harvest, output, products, yield)
produce electricity 發(fā)電
produce evidence 提出證據(jù)
produce effect 產(chǎn)生效果
e.g. she can produce delicious meal from very simple ingredients.
product ['prɔdəkt]
n. 產(chǎn)品(commodity, goods, merchandise, output, produce, production)，結果(consequence, effect, fruit, outcome, result)
electrical products 電氣器材
product for society 社會用產(chǎn)品
e.g. this product finds few buyers.
production [prəu'dʌkʃən]
n. 生產(chǎn)，生產(chǎn)量(capacity, output, yield)，產(chǎn)品(output, product)，作品(writing, works)
production cost 生產(chǎn)成本
production line 生產(chǎn)線，流水線，裝配線
production procedure 生產(chǎn)程序
e.g. they tried to increase production by using better methods and tools.
professional[prə'feʃənl]
n. 職業(yè)選手, 專業(yè)人員(career man, expert, specialist)
adj. 專業(yè)的, 職業(yè)的(competent, efficient, expert, proficient, qualified, skilled, trained, responsible)
professional ability/competence 業(yè)務能力
professional cancer 職業(yè)性癌
professional college 職業(yè)學院
professional credit 專業(yè)學分
professional society n.專業(yè)學會, 專業(yè)社團
e.g. i love my professional in art.
professor[prə'fesə] n. 教授
profit ['prɔfit]
n. 利潤，益處(benefit, advantage, gain, interest, return, yield)
v. 對...有益(benefit, help, pay, serve)
make a profit on... 在...上獲利
profit by [from]... 從...中得到益處[吸取教訓]
e.g. there is very little profit in selling newspapers at present.
progress ['prəugres]
n. 前進，進步(advance, breakthrough, devlopment, gain, improvement, movement)
vi.前進，進展(advance, develop, improve, move forward, proceed)
in progress 正在進展中
make progress in... 在...方面取得進步[進展]
make progress with... 在...(方面)取得進展
progress of events 事情的進展
e.g. willing to learn and progress.
project ['prɔdʒekt]
n. 計劃(design, idea, plan, proposal, scheme)，項目(activity, assignment, piece of work/research, task)v.發(fā)射(導彈等) (cast, throw out)， 伸出(extend, stick out)
project manager 項目管理人[經(jīng)理]
project team 項目研究小組
project oneself 突出自己, 表現(xiàn)自己
project oneself into... 設想自己處身于...
e.g. do you have a project in mind?
promise ['prɔmis]
n. 允諾(assurance, commitment, guarantee, pledge, vow, word of honor)， 前途(potential)
v.允諾(agree, assure, guarantee, pledge, swear, vow)，預示(indicate, suggest)
make [give] a promise 答應，許諾
promise to do sth. 答應/許諾...
promise sb. that... 答應/許諾某人...
of promise 有前途的
e.g. i promise i'll keep it secret
promote [prə'məut]
vt.促進(back, boost, encourage, help, sponsor, support)，提升(raise, upgrade)， 推廣(advertise, make known, market, push, sell)
be promoted (to be) ... 被提為...
promote growth 促進增長
promote cooperation 促進合作
e.g. we should promote world peace.
proof [pru:f]
n. 證據(jù)(demonstration, evidence, facts, grounds), [印刷]校樣
in proof of... 作...的證據(jù)
e.g. proof is better than argument.
proper ['prɔpə]
adj. 適當?shù)?/span>(acceptable, suitable, advisable)，正確的(appropriate, correct, fair, just, lawful, legal, right, valid, orthodox), 有禮貌的(decent, modest, polite, respectable)
proper child n. 守規(guī)矩的兒童
e.g. the pages aren't in proper order.
proportion [prə'pɔ:ʃən]
n. 比例(ratio)，部分(fraction, part, piece, section, share)
vt. 使成比例
in proportion as [to]... 按...的比例，與...成比例
in proportion 相稱
e.g. her head is out of proportion to the size of her body.
proposal [prə'pəuzəl]
n. 提議，建議(plan, project, proposition, recommendation, scheme, suggestion)
make a proposal of marriage 求婚
make a proposal 建議
e.g. the boss approved my proposal.
propose [prə'pəuz]
vt.建議(present, put forward, recommend, suggest)，打算(aim, intend, mean, offer, plan)，求(婚)
propose to do sth. 打算...
propose that... 建議...
propose marriage 求婚
propose a toast 建議舉杯祝酒
propose sb. for... 提名/推薦某人任(某職)
e.g. he proposed that a change should be made.
protect [prə'tekt]
vt.保護(defend, guard, keep safe, safeguard, preserve, secure, shield)
protect... from [against] ... 使...免于遭受到...
protect sb. from danger 保護某人使其免遭危險
e.g. he raised his arm to protect his child from hurt.
protection [prə'tekʃən]
n. 保護(defence, guard, shelter, shield)
under the protection of... 在...保護之下
protection from/against... 防衛(wèi)...
e.g. she put on dark glasses as a protection against the strong light.
prove [pru:v]
vt. 證明，證實(confirm, demonstrate, justify, turn out)
prove (oneself) to be... 證明(自已)是...
prove... by experiment 實驗證明...
e.g. perhaps this book will prove to be of some use to you in your studies.
provide [prə'vaid]
v. 供應，供給(afford, arrange for, cater, contribute, donate, endow, equip. furnish, give, grant, lend, supply)，規(guī)定(prescribe, regulate)
provide against... 為...做好準備，預防(災荒，困難)
provide for... 為...做準備，防備...，規(guī)定...
provide sb. with sth. 給某人提供某物
provide sth. to sb. 給某人提供某物
e.g. the hotel provides a reservation of tickets for its residents.
public ['pʌblik]
n. 公眾，公共場所adj. 公眾的，公共的，公立的(accessible, national, open, popular, shared)
in public 公開地
public opinion 公眾輿論
public education 學校教育(區(qū)別于家庭教育)
public health 公共衛(wèi)生，公共衛(wèi)生設施
public holidays 公共假期
public school 公立中小學
public service 公用設施, 公共服務
public speaking 演說, 演講
public university 公立大學
e.g. public opinion is against him.
publish['pʌbliʃ]
v. 出版(issue, put out)，公布(declare)，發(fā)表(make public)
e.g. he has published quite a lot of articles.
pull[pul]
v. 拖(drag, draw, haul)，拉，拔(extract, remove, take out)
n. 拉，拖，拉力
pull down... 毀壞...，破壞...
pull in 進站, 靠岸
pull out... 拔出..., 離開
pull up... 拔起..., 停下
pull together 齊心協(xié)力
pull on... 穿...，戴...
pull off... 脫下...，（成功地）完成...
pull over 把(車)駕駛到路邊
pull through... (使)度過危機/難關，(使)恢復健康
e.g. don't pull my hair!
purpose ['pə:pəs]
n.目的，意圖(aim, ambition, design, end, goal, hope, intention, motive, object, objective, outcome, plan, result, target, wish)，用途(application, use, value)
on purpose 故意地
for (the) purpose of... 以...的目的
with the purpose of... 以...為目的
e.g. the plan has a triple purpose.
push[puʃ]
vt. 推，推動(drive, impel, press)，
逼迫(compel, persuade, put pressure on)，
推銷(advertise, make known, promote)
n. 推，推動，干勁
push ahead with... 推動..., 推進...
push on with... 繼續(xù)進行...
push... aside/away 把...推開,避開...
push for... 奮力爭取...
push in 把...推入, 擠入
push off 離開
push... out 把...推出去
push the button 按按鈕
push button 按鈕
e.g. he pushed her into making a decision.
put [put]
vt.(put, put, putting) 放，擺，安置(arrange, leave, place, set down)，表達，提出(express, say, state, suggest, utter)
put... across 解釋...
put... aside 儲存...備用，撇開...，把...放在一邊
put ...away 把...收好
put down... 寫下...，記下...
put forward... 提出(意見、建議)，把時針向前撥
put in 打斷，插嘴
put off... . 推遲...
put on... 增加...，上演(戲劇)，穿上...
put out... 熄滅...，生產(chǎn)...，出版...
put... through 接通電話
put up... 建立...，建造...
put up with... 忍受...， 容忍...
put ...in mind 記住...
e.g. i want to know how to put this in french.
puzzle ['pʌzl]
n.難題，謎(difficulty, dilemma, mystery, problem, question)
v. (使)迷惑(confuse)，(使)為難(worry)
puzzle about/over... 苦苦思考...
e.g. the question puzzled me.