1、中文：他理發(fā)了。
(誤)He had his hair to be cut.
(正)He had his hair cut.(have，get+賓語+過去分詞表示使…被。)
2、中文：他喜歡喝涼開水。
(誤)He likes to drink boiling water.
(正)He likes to drink boiled water.(現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動(dòng)，boiling water指正在沸騰的水;過去分詞表示完成，boiled water指沸騰過的水。)
3、中文：由于做飯，他看上去累了。
(誤)He looked tiring with cooking.
(正)He looked tired with cooking.(tiring表示令人疲倦的，tired表示人被弄疲倦了。)
4、中文：我不能讓別人明白我的意思。
(誤)I couldn't make myself understand.
(正)I couldn't make myself understood.(過去分詞表示被動(dòng)，make myself understood表示使我被別人明白。)
5、中文：昨天早上我上學(xué)時(shí)見到了我的一個(gè)朋友。
(誤)I was walking to school yesterday morning，I met a friend of mine.
(正)Walking to school yesterday morning，I met a friend of mine.(前一句如作時(shí)間從句缺連詞，后一句分詞構(gòu)句表時(shí)間。)
6、中文：假期結(jié)束了，約翰返回了學(xué)校。
(誤)The vacation was over，John returned to school.
(正)The vacation being over，John returned to school.(前一句如作時(shí)間從句缺連詞，后一句獨(dú)立分詞構(gòu)句表時(shí)間。)
7、中文：戴帽子的工人躺在地上。
(誤)The workman worn a hat is lying on the ground.
(正)The workman wearing a hat is lying on the ground.(帶帽子是主動(dòng)行動(dòng)，要用現(xiàn)在分詞wearing a hat表示。)
8、中文：小女孩站在那里哭了。
(誤)The little girl stood there cried.
(正)The little girl stood there crying.(哭是主語the little girl發(fā)出的行動(dòng)，要用現(xiàn)在分詞crying表示。)
9、中文：天氣好，我們今天要去郊游。
(誤)Being fine， we'll go outing today.
(正)It being fine， we'll go outing today.(前一句錯(cuò)在分詞構(gòu)句所表示的動(dòng)作不是主句的主語發(fā)出的;后一句加上表示氣候的It作邏輯主語，構(gòu)成獨(dú)立分詞構(gòu)句表原因。)
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(誤)Here is a so big stone that no one can lift it.
(正)Here is so big a stone that no one can lift it.(so是副詞，修飾形容詞，形式是so+形容詞+a+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞。)
2、中文：這花多美啊!
(誤)What beautiful the flower is!
(正)How beautiful the flower is!(how用來修飾副詞或形容詞，而what用來修飾名詞。)
3、中文：這工作永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)被完成。
(誤)This job will be never finished.
(正)This job will never be finished.(頻率副詞在第一個(gè)助動(dòng)詞后。)
4、中文：我的弟弟比我高多了。
(誤)My brother is very taller than I.
(正)My brother is much taller than I.(very不能修飾比較級(jí);much可以修飾比較級(jí)。)
5、中文：我想我七點(diǎn)會(huì)在餐廳里見到她。
(誤)I think I'll meet her at 7：00 at the restaurant.
(正)I think I'll meet her at the restaurant at 7：00.(地方副詞在時(shí)間副詞前。)
6、中文：這房間對(duì)你夠大的。
(誤)This room is enough large for you.
(正)This room is large enough for you.(enough作副詞，在被修飾的形容詞后。)
7、中文：我也不能做它。
(誤)I cannot do it too.
(正)I cannot do it either.(either用于否定句;too用于肯定句。)
8、中文：他每天早起。
(誤)He gets up early everyday.
(正)He gets up early every day.(every day是時(shí)間副詞;everyday是形容詞。)
9、中文：我要下樓去。
(誤)I'm going to downstairs.
(正)I'm going downstairs.(downstairs是副詞，前面不加介詞。)
10、中文：你的故事很有趣。
(誤)Your story is the most interesting.
(正)Your story is most interesting.(most不用于比較，而用作加強(qiáng)語氣，不加the.)
11、中文：我兩年前見過他。
(誤)I met him two years before.
(正)I met him two years ago.(表示一段時(shí)間以前，ago用于一般過去時(shí);before用于過去完成時(shí)。)
12、中文：他們昨天晚上回來得晚。
(誤)They came back lately last night.
(正)They came back late last night.(lately(最近)，late(晚，遲)，都是副詞。)
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(誤)So as to be in time we hurried.
(正)In order to be in time we hurried.(so as to只可放在句中，in order to可放在句首或句中。)
2、中文：你說這些話真傻。
(誤)It's very foolish for you to say so.
(正)It's very foolish of you to say so.(表示評(píng)價(jià)的形容詞被帶邏輯主語的不定式修飾時(shí)，介詞要用of.)
3、中文：你沒有告訴他們永遠(yuǎn)不要做那件事嗎?
(誤)Didn't you ask them to never do that?
(正)Didn't you ask them never to do that?(never要放在to之前。)
4、中文：你沒有告訴他們永遠(yuǎn)不要做那件事嗎?
(誤)Here is a new book for you to read it.
(正)Here is a new book for you to read.(作形容詞用法的帶邏輯主語的不定式for you to read的賓語，實(shí)際上就是它所修飾的new book，其后不可再加賓語。)
5、中文：他夠年齡，可以上學(xué)了。
(誤)He is old enough so that he can go to school.
(正)He is old enough to go to school.(形容詞+enough+不定式表示足夠…而可。)
6、中文：他太好了，寄給我許多書。
(誤)He was so good to send me a lot of books.
(正)He was so good as to send me a lot of books.(so……as to表示如此…以致。)
7、中文：你最好不要在下雨天出去。
(誤)You had better not to go out in the rain.
(正)You had better not go out in the rain.(had better(not)后接原形不定式。)
8、中文：你喜歡聽別人談話嗎?
(誤)Do you like listening to others to talk?
(正)Do you like listening to others talk?(感官動(dòng)詞或使役動(dòng)詞的賓語補(bǔ)語用原形不定式。)
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(誤)I am used to get up early.
(正)I am used to getting up early.(get，become或be used to中的to是介詞，后接動(dòng)名詞。)
2、中文：他過去常常在星期天來約我。
(誤)He used to calling on me on Sundays.
(正)He used to call on me on Sundays.(used to+原形動(dòng)詞，表示過去常常。)
3、中文：A：我必須去嗎?B：不，你不必了。
(誤)A： Must I go? B： No，you mustn't.
(正)A： Must I go? B： No，you needn't.(mustn't表示不許，needn't表示不必，以MUST開始的一般疑問句，否定回答用needn't.)
4、中文：我今天下午想和你一起去游泳。
(誤)I will like to go swimming with you this afternoon.
(正)I would like to go swimming with you this afternoon.(would like是習(xí)慣搭配，后接不定式，表示愿意做某事。)
5、中文：他前天可能說這些嗎?
(誤)Must he have said so the day before yesterday?(MUST用于推測(cè)時(shí)表示一定，準(zhǔn)是，只用于肯定句。)
(正)Can he have said so the day before yesterday?(CAN用于懷疑，推測(cè)時(shí)表示可能，用于疑問句和否定句。)
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(誤)I shouldn't do that if I was you.
(正)I shouldn't do that if I were you.(表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的虛擬語氣不能用was，只能用were.)
2、中文：要是我父親現(xiàn)在在這里，他會(huì)告訴我該做什么。
(誤)If my father were here now，he will tell me what to do.
(正)If my father were here now，he would tell me what to do.(表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的虛擬語氣中，主句的助動(dòng)詞只能用would，might等過去時(shí)。)
3、中文：要是我知道她的電話號(hào)碼，我就會(huì)給她打電話了。
(誤)If I knew her telephone number，I would have called her.
(正)If I had known her telephone number，I would have called her.(表示與過去事實(shí)相反的虛擬語氣中，條件從句的動(dòng)詞要用過去完成時(shí)。)
4、中文：要是昨天沒下雨她也許會(huì)來。
(誤)If it had not rained yesterday，he might come.
(正)If it had not rained yesterday，he might have come.(表示與過去事實(shí)相反的虛擬語氣中，主句的動(dòng)詞要用助動(dòng)詞的過去時(shí)might，could等+HAVE+過去分詞。)
5、中文：我不認(rèn)為我會(huì)失敗，但要是我失敗了，我會(huì)再努力。
(誤)I don't think that I shall fail. But if I failed，I would try again.
(正)I don't think that I shall fail. But if I should fail，I would try again.(表示與將來事實(shí)相反的虛擬語氣中，條件從句的動(dòng)詞用should加原形動(dòng)詞。)
6、中文：他要是帶了錢就會(huì)買它。
(誤)Did he bring some money with him，he would have bought it.
(正)Had he brought some money with him，he would have bought it.(表示與過去事實(shí)相反的虛擬語氣中，條件從句的動(dòng)詞要用過去完成時(shí)，若省略if，則用倒裝形式。)
7、中文：她要是個(gè)男人可能會(huì)當(dāng)選總統(tǒng)。
(誤)Be she a man，she might be elected president.
(正)Were she a man，she might be elected president.(表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的虛擬語氣，不能用was，只能用were;若省略if，則將were放在句首。)
8、中文：我提議提高教師的薪資。
(誤)I suggested that the teachers' wages could be increased.
(正)I suggested that the teachers' wages should be increased.(suggest當(dāng)建議講時(shí)，后面的名詞從句的主要?jiǎng)釉~要用should加原形動(dòng)詞，should可以省略。)
9、中文：他這么做是重要的。
(誤)It is important that he will do it.
(正)It is important that he do it.(It is important+that引導(dǎo)的名詞從句的動(dòng)詞要用should加原形動(dòng)詞，should可以省略。)
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(誤)They have married for two years.
(正)They have been married for two years.(表示已婚狀態(tài)的持續(xù)，要用完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)式。)
2、中文：他被所有學(xué)生嘲笑。
(誤)He was laughed by all the pupils.
(正)He was laughed at by all the pupils.(不及物動(dòng)詞+介詞=及物動(dòng)詞，變被動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)介詞不能省略。)
3、中文：英語難學(xué)。
(誤)English is difficult to be learned.
(正)English is difficult to learn.(英語難學(xué)=學(xué)英語難，也可說It's difficult to learn English.原句的主語實(shí)際上是不定式的邏輯賓語，不定式要用主動(dòng)形式。)
4、中文：湯姆問我這些島嶼是否屬于美國(guó)。
(誤)Tom asked me if these islands are belonged to America.
(正)Tom asked me if these islands belonged to America.
5、中文：中國(guó)發(fā)生了很大變化。
(誤)Great changes have been taken place in China.
(正)Great changes have taken place in China.
6、中文：戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)于一九三七年爆發(fā)。
(誤)The war was broken out in 1937.
(正)The war broke out in 1937.(take place，break out，happen，belong to等不及物動(dòng)詞或短語動(dòng)詞沒有被動(dòng)語態(tài)形式。)
7、中文：我看不清黑板。也許你需要檢查你的眼睛。
(誤)I can't see the blackboard very well.Perhaps you need to examine your eyes.
(正)I can't see the blackboard very well.Perhaps you need to have your eyes examined.(表示使某物被別人…，通常使用have或get+物+過去分詞表示。)
8、中文：他命令馬上開始工作。
(誤)He ordered the work to start at once.
(正)He ordered the work to be started at once.(不定式作賓語補(bǔ)語時(shí)，若與賓語是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，要用不定式的被動(dòng)形式。)
9、中文：他試圖不介入政治。
(誤)He tried not to have mixed up in politics.
(正)He tried not to get mixed up in politics.(get作系動(dòng)詞，可代替be，后接過去分詞表示被動(dòng)，have無此功能。)
10、中文：據(jù)說他很富有。
(誤)They say him to have been rich.
(正)He is said to have been rich.(say后不可接不定式，但它的被動(dòng)語態(tài)后可接不定式。)
11、中文：那人被認(rèn)為是個(gè)傻子。
(誤)The man thought to be a fool.
(正)The man was thought to be a fool.(主語是動(dòng)作的承受者而不是發(fā)出者，用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。)
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(誤)Have you done homework?
(正)Have you done your homework?(表示做功課用do one's homework.)
2、中文：那些是我們老師的一些書。
(誤)Those are some books of our teacher.
(正)Those are some books of our teacher's.(應(yīng)用雙重所有格形式。)
3、中文：這是我弟弟約翰的書。
(誤)This is my brother John book.
(正)This is my brother John's book.(John是brother的同位語，John的書用John's book.)
4、中文：警察抓住了他的胳膊。
(誤)The policemen caught him by his arm.
(正)The policemen caught him by the arm.(抓住身上某個(gè)部位用the，不用代詞的所有格。)
5、中文：一個(gè)十歲的孩子
(誤)a ten years old child
(誤)a child of ten year old
(誤)a ten year old child
(誤)a ten-years-old child
(正)a ten-year-old child
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