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1) 表示出于職責(zé)、義務(wù)該做某事
We must protect people's rights .我們應(yīng)該保護(hù)人民的利益。
Everyone must be loyal to his motherland .
每個(gè)人都應(yīng)該忠于自己的祖國(guó)。
You must serve the people when you grow up .
你們長(zhǎng)大成人時(shí)應(yīng)該服務(wù)于人民。
Students must work hard at their study .
2)表示出于主觀意識(shí)而必須要做某事
We must speed up the pace of our economic reform .
我們必須加速經(jīng)濟(jì)改革的步伐。:
We must keep steps to the scientific development .
我們一定要與科學(xué)的發(fā)展保持一致步調(diào)。
You must hurry up or you'll be late .
你必須得快點(diǎn)兒,不然會(huì)遲到的。
在這種用法中must表示出于主觀意識(shí)而必須要做某事;have to卻表示由于某種客觀原因而不得不做某事。除此以外,have to自身有時(shí)態(tài)的變化形式。如:
I have to go now for I've got a meeting 15 minutes later.我現(xiàn)在必須要走了,因?yàn)槲?5分鐘后有個(gè)會(huì)要開(kāi)。
He has to be back home by five to fetch his son from kindergarten .
他必須在五點(diǎn)鐘前回家去幼兒園接他的兒子。
Jenny had to tidy up the room before her mother came back .
珍尼不得不在她媽媽回家以前將房間整理好。
We'll have to reconsider the whole thing .
我們將不得不重新考慮整個(gè)事情。
注意:在這種用法中,回答以must引導(dǎo)的問(wèn)句時(shí),若是否定答復(fù),不可以用mustn't 而需要用needn't 或是don't have to,因?yàn)閙ustn't意思是"絕不能、一定不要",而沒(méi)有"不必"的意思。例如:
——Must we hand in our exercises today ? 我們今天必須交作業(yè)嗎?
——Yes , you must .是的,必須交。
——No , you needn't (or , you don't have to ).
不,不必今天交。
3)表示禁止(用于否定句)
You must not speak ill of others .
你一定不要說(shuō)別人的壞話。
Cars must not parked here . 這里禁止停車。
Smoking must not allowed in the office .嚴(yán)禁在辦公室吸煙。
You mustn't talk to girls like that .你絕不能那樣對(duì)女孩子說(shuō)話。
4)表示猜測(cè)、推測(cè)must常用于肯定句中表示猜測(cè)。對(duì)現(xiàn)在或未來(lái)的事進(jìn)行猜測(cè)時(shí),后接動(dòng)詞原形;對(duì)已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事進(jìn)行猜測(cè)時(shí),后接have 過(guò)去分詞。例如:
You must be tired after working so long .你工作這么久以后,肯定累了吧。
It must be that naughty boy crying outside .肯定是那個(gè)調(diào)皮的孩子在外面大叫。
The idea must be accepted by the society sooner or later.
這種想法肯定或遲或早會(huì)被社會(huì)所接受的。
It must have rained last night for it is so wet outside .
外面這么濕,昨晚肯定下雨了。
I didn't see you in class yesterday. You must have been
absent .我昨天上課沒(méi)見(jiàn)著你,你肯定沒(méi)有來(lái)。
Ought (后接帶to的不定式構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞)應(yīng)該
Ought (后接帶to的不定式構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞)應(yīng)該
1)表示出于職責(zé)、義務(wù)該做某事
You ought not to be so careless in your work .你不應(yīng)該在工作上如此粗心大意。
We ought to study hard for the sake of our motherland.
我們應(yīng)該為了我們的祖國(guó)而努力學(xué)習(xí)。
His doctor said to him that he oughtn't to smoke so much .
他的大夫說(shuō)他不應(yīng)該抽這么多煙。
Oughtn't you to give us a chance to try ?
你難道不應(yīng)該給我們一個(gè)嘗試的機(jī)會(huì)嗎?
2) 表示極有可能發(fā)生某事
As an auto repairman , Dick ought to know what is wrong with the car .
狄克作為一個(gè)汽車修理工總該知道這部車的毛病所在吧。
If we set off right now , we ought to be able to get there in time .
如果我們馬上出發(fā),我們應(yīng)當(dāng)能夠按時(shí)到達(dá)那里。
Tomorrow ought to be a nice day for we have such a fine sunset today .
今天有這么好的晚霞,明天準(zhǔn)是個(gè)晴天。
need(用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句)需要
There are still one and a half hours to go , we needn't be insuch a hurry .
還有一個(gè)半小時(shí),我們無(wú)需如此慌慌張張。
I hardly need say how much we missed you .不用說(shuō)我們是多么想念你啊。
Need you go so soon ?你需要這么早就去嗎?
You need have no anxiety on my account .你不必為我而著急。
dare , dared(用于否定句、疑問(wèn)句和疑問(wèn)句)敢
Dare you stay here alone in the night ? 你敢在夜里呆在這兒?jiǎn)?
Nobody dared mention that matter. 沒(méi)有人敢提那件事。
How dared you say that to her ? 你怎么敢對(duì)她說(shuō)那件事?
Even if you dare do it , I won't allow you to because it's too dangerous .
即使你敢做,我也會(huì)讓你做那件事,因?yàn)樘kU(xiǎn)了
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