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 在英語(yǔ)里，我們可以用現(xiàn)在分詞(present participles)或現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)(present participial phrases)充當(dāng)副詞修飾動(dòng)詞。這是英語(yǔ)中一種極為普遍的句子結(jié)構(gòu)，在書(shū)面語(yǔ)中，用得甚多，表示的意義也有好幾種?，F(xiàn)在分述如下：

⒈表示辦事方法或行動(dòng)方式，如：

● Feeling his way along the rocks, the mountaineer reached the peak of the hill.

● Flinging her arm before her face, the small girl pretended to burst into tears.

⒉表示伴隨狀況，如：

● The two men shook hands, smiling at each other.

● The demonstrators marched through the street, chanting political slogans.

● Irene saw her husband glance toward her, disapproving.

● A few friends of the victim stood outside the house, still with a sense of shock, conversing quietly.

⒊表示原因，如：

● Living in a city, we enjoy a lot of modern amenities.

● Meeting with a cold reception at his relatives' house, the old man left in a rage.

● Having heard the story before, Joelle did not heed it any more.

● Being written in a hurry, the essay was fraught with errors.

⒋.表示時(shí)間，如：

● Reaching the dilapidated castle, they slowed down their pace.

● Finding the hidden treasure , they discussed how to divide it.

● Arriving at the seaside , the picnickers pitched their tent for the night.

這里要注意的是：用來(lái)表示時(shí)間的分詞短語(yǔ)必須擺在句首，用以說(shuō)明分詞短語(yǔ)中的時(shí)間一過(guò)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)間便開(kāi)始。

如果要強(qiáng)調(diào)分詞短語(yǔ)的時(shí)間比謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)間早些過(guò)去，那末分詞短語(yǔ)里的時(shí)態(tài)就要用完成時(shí)態(tài)(perfect tense)，如：

● Having realised that they had lagged behind , Tom and Harry started to quicken their pace.

● The couple, having seen their son off, returned home without saying anything.

⒌表示“目的、結(jié)果”的意思，如：

● The two parties sat down to talk, hoping to avoid further conflict.

● We have talked a lot about language teaching, often forgetting that it is learning that really matters.

● The old man's hair came out by the roots, leaving him bald.

相關(guān)文章：

2012年成人英語(yǔ)三級(jí)語(yǔ)法詞匯輔導(dǎo)匯總

2012年成人英語(yǔ)三級(jí)考試資料庫(kù)

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