Obesity Causes Global Warming

The list of ills attributable to obesity keeps growing ： Last week，obese people were accused of causing global warming.

This conclusion comes from Sheldon Jacobson of the University of Illinois，US，and a doctoral student, Laura McLay. Their study calculates how much extra gasoline is needed to haul fat Americans around. The answer, they say, is a billion gallons of gas per year. (1)

There has been calls for taxes on junk food2 in recent years. (2) "We tax cigarettes partly because of their health cost"，Schmidt said. “ Similarly，leading a lazy lifestyle will end up costing taxpayers more. ”

US political scientist Eric Oliver said his first instinct was to laugh at these gas and fast food arguments. But such claims are getting attention.

At the US Obesity Society's annual meeting, one person correlated obesity with car accident deaths, and another correlated obesity with suicides. (3) "The funny thing was that everyone took it seriously. ” Oliver said.

In a 1960s study, children were shown drawings of children with disabilities and without them, and a drawing of an obese child. They were asked which they would want for a friend?(4)

Three researchers recently repeated the study using college students. Once again, almost no one, not even obese people, liked the obese person. “Obesity was stigmatized. " the researchers said.

But, researchers say, getting thin is not like quitting smoking. People struggle to stop smoking, and, in the end, many succeed. Obesity is different. But, not because obese people don't care. (5) Genes also play a part.

詞匯：

obese 肥胖的 haul 運(yùn)輸

correlate 與……相聯(lián)系 stigma 壞名聲

stigmatize 侮辱

注釋：

1.carbon dioxide ： 二氧化碳

2.junk food:垃圾食品

3.cause-and-effect relationship：因果關(guān)系

練習(xí)：

A A meager diet may keep you thin.

B It means an extra 11 million tons of carbon dioxide.

C The obese child was picked last.

D US economist Martin Schmidt suggests a tax on fast food delivered to people's cars.

E Science has shown that they have limited personal control over their weight.

F No one asked whether there was really a cause-and-effect relationship.

答案與題解：

1.B第二段講到Sheldon Jacobson和Laura McLay在一項(xiàng)研究中計(jì)算了運(yùn)送美國(guó)胖子一年需要多消耗10億加侖的汽油。從所給的這些句子來(lái)看，只有B是連貫的。B句為Jtmeaiis an extra 11 million tons of carbon dioxide.這意味著多放出 1100 萬(wàn)噸二氧化碳。

2.D第三段的第一個(gè)句子，即空格前的句子，講的是：近些年，不斷有人提出要給垃圾食品征稅。這是個(gè)主題句，那么后面的句子講得應(yīng)該更具體一點(diǎn)。D說(shuō)得更具體，是這么說(shuō)的:US economist Martin Schmidt suggests a tax on fast food delivered to people's cars.美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家 Martin Schmidt建議對(duì)送到車上的快餐要征稅。另外，從主題的發(fā)展來(lái)看，也只有這個(gè)句子 最合適o

3.F 口第‘段開(kāi)始時(shí)說(shuō)到，在美國(guó)肥胖協(xié)會(huì)的年會(huì)上，有人把車禍造成的死亡跟肥胖聯(lián)系了起來(lái)，也有人把自殺跟肥胖聯(lián)系了起來(lái)。從剩下的句子來(lái)看，只有填入F是連貫的。F說(shuō)的 是：No one asked whether there was really a cause-and-effect relationship.沒(méi)有人問(wèn)一問(wèn)它們之 間是否真正存在因果關(guān)系。

4.C第六段主要是講一個(gè)試驗(yàn)，先讓兒童看一組畫(huà)，畫(huà)里有正常的兒童和殘疾的兒童，還有一個(gè)小胖子，而后問(wèn)他們?cè)敢夂湍膫€(gè)小孩做朋友。C是對(duì)這個(gè)問(wèn)題合適的回答。

5.E 最后一段講的是減肥跟戒煙不一樣，在一定程度上受到基因的控制(最后一個(gè)句子)，因此很難。所以只有E是合適的。E是這么說(shuō)的;Science has shown that they have limited personal control over their weight.科學(xué)已經(jīng)表明，胖子自己幾乎是無(wú)法控制體重的。

譯文：肥胖導(dǎo)致全球變暖

歸咎于肥胖者的錯(cuò)誤清單變得越來(lái)越長(zhǎng)：上周，肥胖者們被職責(zé)導(dǎo)致了全球變暖。

這項(xiàng)結(jié)論來(lái)自于美國(guó)伊利諾伊大學(xué)的Sheldon Jacobson以及博士生Laura McLay。他們的研究計(jì)算了運(yùn)送美國(guó)胖子需要多消耗多少汽油。據(jù)他們稱，答案是，每年需要多消耗10億加侖。這意味著多放出1100萬(wàn)噸二氧化碳。

這些年，不斷有人提出要對(duì)垃圾食品征稅。而美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家Martin Schmidt建議對(duì)送到車上的快餐要征稅?！拔覀儗?duì)香煙征稅一部分是因?yàn)槿藗兯枰冻龅慕】荡鷥r(jià)太高，”Schmidt說(shuō)，“同樣，一種懶散的生活方式應(yīng)該讓納稅人掏出更多的錢?！?

美國(guó)政治學(xué)家Eric Oliver說(shuō)他本能的第一反應(yīng)是嘲笑這些有關(guān)汽油和食物的言論。但是這些言論卻正在獲得更多的關(guān)注。

在美國(guó)肥胖協(xié)會(huì)的年會(huì)上，有人把車禍造成的是iwang跟肥胖聯(lián)系了起來(lái)，另有人則將肥胖和自殺聯(lián)系了一起。卻沒(méi)有人問(wèn)一問(wèn)它們之間是否真正存在因果關(guān)系?！岸鼮榭尚Φ氖牵總€(gè)人都是把這樣的言論當(dāng)真。”O(jiān)liver 說(shuō)道。

在20世紀(jì)60年代，兒童按要求看一組畫(huà)，一幅畫(huà)里有正常和殘疾的兒童，另一幅畫(huà)里沒(méi)有殘疾孩子卻有一個(gè)小胖子，他們被問(wèn)知愿意和哪個(gè)小孩做朋友。小胖子是最后被挑出來(lái)做朋友的人選。

最近，這些研究者以大學(xué)生為研究對(duì)象重復(fù)了他們的實(shí)驗(yàn)。再一次，沒(méi)有人，甚至是胖人自己，喜歡肥胖的人。“肥胖受到了鄙視?！毖芯空哌@樣說(shuō)道。

但是，研究者稱，變苗條不像戒煙。許多力圖戒煙的人最終都成功了?？煞逝謪s不同。這不是肥胖者們不夠在意，科學(xué)已經(jīng)表明，胖子自己幾乎是無(wú)法控制體重的。因?yàn)榛蛟谄鹱饔谩?

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