Virtual Driver

Driving involves sharp eyes and keen ears，analyzing with a brain，and coordination between hands, feet and brain. A man has sharp eyes and keen ears, analyzes through his brain, and maintains coordination between his hands and brains. He can control a fast-moving car with different parts of his body. (1) Apparently there isn't anyone in the driver's cab, but there is in fact a virtual driver1. This virtual driver has eyes, brains, hands and feet too. The minicameras on each side of the car are its eyes and are responsible for observing the road conditions ahead of it as well as the traffic to its left and right. If you open the boot, you can see the most important part of the automatic driving system： a built-in computer. (2) The brain of the car is responsible for calculating the speeds objects surrounding the car are moving at2， analyzing their position on the road，choosing the right path，and giving orders to the wheel and the control system.

In comparison with the human brain, the virtual driver's best advantage is that it reacts quickly. (3) However, it takes the world's best racecar driver at least one second to react, and this doesn't include the time he needs to take action.

With its rapid reaction and accurate control，the virtual driver can reduce the accident rate on expressways considerably. In this case, is it possible for us to let it have the wheel3 at ahy time and in any place? (4) With its limited ability to recognize things, the car can now only travel on expressways.

The intelligent car determines its direction by the clear lines that mark the lanes clearly and recognizes vehicles according to their regular shapes. (5) This being the case4, people still have high hopes about driverless cars，and think highly intelligent cars are what the cars of the future should be like.

詞匯：

virtual 虛擬的 built-in 嵌入的

coordination 協(xié)調(diào)，配合 racecar n.賽車

cab 駕駛室 expressway 高速公路

minicamera n.小型照相機(jī) driverless 無(wú)駕駛員的

boot.(車身后部的)行李箱

注釋：

1.virtual driver：虛擬駕駛員

2.The brain of the car is responsible for calculating the speeds objects surrounding the car are moving at...車的大腦負(fù)責(zé)計(jì)算汽車周圍物體移動(dòng)的速度。The brain of the car is responsible for calculating the speeds objects surrounding the car are moving at = The brain is responsible for calculating the speeds at which objects surrounding the car are moving.

3.have the wheel：駕細(xì)汽車

4.This being the case：雖然情況是這樣。This being the case是獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。

5.... highly intelligent cars are what the cars of the future should be like.未來(lái)的、汽車就應(yīng)該是高度智能化的汽車。

練習(xí)：

A Experts say that we cannot do that just yet.

B In the near future，intelligent cars will be put into commercial operation.

C This is the brain of the car.

D But how does an intelligent car control itself?

E It completes the processing of the images sent by the cameras within 100 milliseconds.

F However, it cannot recognize moving people and bicycles on ordinary roads that have no clear markings on them.

答案與題解：

1.D “空1”前面三個(gè)句子講的是真人駕駛員駕駛汽車時(shí)腦、眼、耳、手、腳并用，而且要協(xié)調(diào)配合?！翱?”之后話題轉(zhuǎn)入虛擬駕駛員?！翱?”之后的第一句“Apparently there isn't anyone in the driver's cab ... ”似乎來(lái)得有些突然，與前面句子接得很生硬。所以，中間應(yīng)該 有個(gè)過(guò)渡句。選項(xiàng)D就是連接上下文的過(guò)渡句。

2.C “空2”前面一句意思是，如果你打開(kāi)車身后部的行李箱，你就能看到自動(dòng)駕駛系統(tǒng)中最 重要的部件，嵌入式計(jì)算機(jī)?！翱?”后的句子中的the brain of the car自然是指前句的built- in computer,但接得太突然。選項(xiàng)C "This is the brain of the car. ”就把前后句子聯(lián)系起來(lái) 了。this指代上一句的built-in comupter。后面句子的the brain of the car是重復(fù)選項(xiàng)C中的 the brain of the car,顯得很自然。所以，C是答案。

3.E “空3”前面一句意思是，虛擬駕駛員最大的優(yōu)點(diǎn)是反應(yīng)快。“空3”后面一句意思是，最好的賽車手至少要1秒鐘才能作出反應(yīng)?！爸辽僖?秒鐘”已經(jīng)暗示，虛擬駕駛員反應(yīng)速度要比真人駕駛員快。選項(xiàng)E說(shuō)，虛擬駕駛員只需100毫秒就能作出反應(yīng)。選項(xiàng)E使上下文的意思完整，因此是答案。

4.A “空4”前面是一個(gè)問(wèn)句，B卩“在這種情況下，是不是可以不分時(shí)間、不分地點(diǎn)都讓虛擬駕駛員駕駛汽車?”“空4”的句子應(yīng)該回答這個(gè)問(wèn)題：“讓還是不讓?”選項(xiàng)A回答了這個(gè)問(wèn)題， 因此是答案。

5.F “空 5”前面一句意,思是，“The intelligent car determines its direction by the clear lines that mark the lanes clearly and recognizes vehicles according to their regular shapes. ” (智倉(cāng)旨、汽車按 清晰標(biāo)出的車道線決定自己的行車方向，靠車輛的常規(guī)形狀識(shí)別其他〒輛。)選項(xiàng)F的內(nèi)容正好相反。上一句說(shuō)"recognizes”，還有"mark the lanes clearly"，而 F 說(shuō)“cannot recognize"， 又說(shuō)“no clear markings”。從意思表達(dá)和詞匯重復(fù)上，都能判斷出，F(xiàn)的句子應(yīng)該出現(xiàn)在“空 5”的位置上。

譯文：虛擬駕駛員

駕駛需要敏銳的視覺(jué)與聽(tīng)覺(jué)，大腦分析，手、腳和大腦的協(xié)調(diào)配合。人具有敏銳的視覺(jué)與聽(tīng)覺(jué)能力，能用大腦進(jìn)行分析，保持手和大腦的配合。人能用身體不伺部位來(lái)操控一輛快速行駛的汽車，但是智能化的汽車怎樣自動(dòng)駕駛呢?顯然駕駛室里無(wú)人駕駛，但事實(shí)上的確存在一個(gè)虛擬駕駛員，它有眼睛、大腦和手、腳。汽車兩邊的小型照相機(jī)就是它的眼睛，負(fù)責(zé)觀察前方的路況信息和左右兩側(cè)的交通狀況。如果你打開(kāi)車身后部的行李箱，你就會(huì)看到自動(dòng)駕駛系統(tǒng)中最重要的部件：嵌入式計(jì)算機(jī)。它是汽車的大腦，這個(gè)大腦負(fù)責(zé)計(jì)算汽車周圍物體移動(dòng)的速度，分析它在路上的位置，選擇正確的道路，并對(duì)方向盤和操控系統(tǒng)下達(dá)指令。

與人腦相比，虛擬駕駛員最大的優(yōu)點(diǎn)是反應(yīng)快。對(duì)照相機(jī)發(fā)送的圖像，能在100毫秒內(nèi)完成對(duì)其的分析處理?？墒鞘澜缟献詈玫馁愜囀种辽僖?秒鐘內(nèi)才能做出反應(yīng)，并且這個(gè)時(shí)間還不包 括他采取應(yīng)對(duì)措施的時(shí)間。

由于虛擬駕駛員反應(yīng)迅速，操控準(zhǔn)確，它能大量減少高速公路的事故率。在這種情況下，是不是可以不分時(shí)間、不分地點(diǎn)都讓虛擬駕駛員駕駛汽車?專家們認(rèn)為目前尚不可以。由于虛擬駕駛員識(shí)別物體的能力有限，目前這種智能化汽車只可以在高速公路上行駛。

智能汽車按清晰標(biāo)出的車道線決定自己的行車方向，靠車輛的常規(guī)形狀識(shí)別其他車輛。然而, 它卻不能識(shí)別在普通道路上行駛的沒(méi)有清晰標(biāo)記的自行車和行人。雖然情況是這樣，人們始終認(rèn)為未來(lái)的汽車就應(yīng)該是高度智能化的汽車。

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