2012年職稱英語考試真題—綜合類A級(jí)試題及答案：

第四部分：閱讀理解（第31~45題，每題3分，共45分）

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題。請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，為每題確定1個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng)。

第一篇 Going Her Own Way

When she was twelve, Maria made her first important decision about the course of her life. She decided that she wanted to continue her education, Most girls from middle-class families chose to stay home after primary school，though some attended private Catholic "finishing" schools. There they learned a little about music，art，needlework，and how to make polite conversation. This was not the sort of education that interested Maria —or her mother. By this time，she had begun to take her studies more seriously. She read constantly and brought her books everywhere. One time she even brought her math book to the theater and tried to study in the dark.

Maria knew that she wanted to go on learning in a serious way. That meant attending the public high school，something that very few girls did. In Italy at the time，there were two types of high schools: the "classical" schools and the "technical" schools. In the classical schools，the students followed a very traditional program of studies，with courses in Latin and Greek language and literature，and Italian literature and history1. The few girls who continued studying after primary school usually chose these schools.

Maria，however，wanted to attend a technical school. The technical schools were more modem than the classical schools and they offered courses in modern languages，mathematics，science，and accounting2.Most people — including Maria's father — believed that girls would never be able to understand these subjects. Furthermore，they did not think it was proper for girls to study them.

Maria did not care if it was proper or not. Math and science were the subjects that interested her most. But before she could sign up for the technical school，she had to win her father' sapproval. She finally did，with her mother's help，though for many years after，there was tension in the family. Maria's father continued to oppose her plans，while her mother helped her.

In 1883，at age thirteen，Maria entered the "Regia Scuola Tecnica Michelangelo Buonarroti" in Rome. Her experience at this school is difficult for us to imagine. Though the courses included modern subjects，the teaching methods were very traditional. Learning consisted of memorizing long lists of facts and repeating them back to the teacher. Students were not supposed to ask questions or think for themselves in any way. Teachers were very demanding，discipline in the classroom was strict，and punishment was severe for those who failed to achieve or were disobedient.

31. Maria wanted to attend________.

A) private “finishing” school

B) school with Latin and Greek

C) technical high school

D)school for art and music

32. In those days, most Italian girls________.

A) went to classical schools

B) went to “finishing” schools

C) did not go to high school

D) went to technical schools

33. Maria’s father probably________.

A) had very modern views about women

B) had very traditional views about women

C) had no opinion about women

D) thought women could not learn Latin

34. High school teachers in Italy In those days were________.

A) very modern

B) very intelligent

C) quite scientific

D) quite strict

35. We can infer from this passage that __

A) girls usually attended private primary schools

B) only girls attended classical schools

C) girls did not like going to school

D) Maria was a girl of strong will

第二篇

 Gross National Happiness

In the last century， new technology improved the lives of many people in many countries. However， one country resisted these changes. High in the Himalayan mountains of Asia， the kingdom of Bhutan remained separate. Its people and Buddhist（佛教）culture had not been affected for almost a thousand years. Bhutan， however， was a poor country. People died at a young age. Most of its people could not read， and they did not know much about the outside world. Then， in 1972， a new ruler named King Jigme Singye Wangchuck decided to help Bhutan to become modern， but without losing its traditions.

King Wangchuck looked at other countries for ideas. He saw that most countries measured their progress by their Gross Natonal Product（GNP）。 The GNP measures products and money. When the number of products sold increases， people say the country is making progress. King Wangchuck had a different idea for Bhutan. He wanted to measure his country’s progress by people’s happiness. If the people’s happiness increased， the king could say that Bhutan was making progress. To decide if people were happier， he created a measure called Gross National Happiness（GNH）。

GNH is based on certain principles that create happiness. People are happier if they have health care， education， and jobs. They are happier when they live in a healthy， protected environment. They are happier when they can keep their traditional culture and customs. Finally， people are happier when they have a good， stable government.

Now these is some evidence of increased GNH in Bhutan. People are healthier and are living longer. More people are educated and employed. Teenty-five percent of the land has become national parks， and the country has almost no pollution. The Bhutanese continue to wear their traditional clothing and follow their ancient Buddhist customs. Bhutan has also become a democracy. In 2008， King Wangchuck gave his power to his son. Although the country still had a king， it held its first democratic elections that year. Bhutan had political parties and political candidates for the first time. Finally， Bhutan has connected to the rest of the world through television and internet.

Bhutan is a symbol for social progress. Many countries are now interested in Bhutan’s GNH. These countries are investigating their own ways to measure happiness. They want to create new policies that take care of their people， cultures， and land.

Brazil may be the nest country to use the principles of GNH. Brazilian leaders see the principles of GNH as a source of inspiration. Brazil is a large country with a diverse population. If happiness works as a measure of progress in Brazil， perhaps the rest of the world will follow.

36. Who was Jigme Singye Wangchuck?

A. A president.

B. A Buddhist priest.

C. A general.

D. A king.

37. Apart from modernizing Bhutan, what else did Wangchuck want to do for Bhutan?

A. To make its population grow.

B. To keep it separate from the world.

C. To encourage its people to get rich.

D. To keep its tradition and customs.

38. A country shows its progress with GNP by

A. selling more products.

B. spending more money.

C. spending less money.

D. providing more jobs.

39. According to GNH, people are happier if they

A. have new technology.

B. can change their religion.

C. have a good, stable government.

D. have more money.

40. Today, many countries are

A. using the principles of GNH to measure their progress.

B. working together to develop a common scale to measure GNH.

C. taking both Bhutan and Brazil as symbols for social progress.

D. trying to find their own ways to measure happiness.

第三篇 DNA testing

缺原文。

41. What is the main idea of this passage?

A.　DNA testing has changed the American legal system.

B.　DNA testing has helped innocent men go free in Illinois.

C.　DNA testing uses genetics to identify a person.

D.　DNA testing has played a key role in criminal investigation.

42. DNA testing was first used in a criminal case by

A.　a lawyer in New York

B.　students in Illinois

C.　doctors in the United States

D.　police in Great Britain

43. The innocence project uses DNA testing to

A.　set free innocent prisoner

B.　help the police put people in prison

C.　find out which lawyer are incompetent

D.　prove that suspects are guilty

44. Some students in Northwestern University

A.　proved some prisoners were not guilty

B.　believed some suspects were from ethnic groups

C.　told the governors of Illinois not to free the prisoners

D.　showed DNA testing was not always reliable

45. What is the author’s attitude toward DNA testing?

A.　Negative

B.　Positive

C.　Suspicious

D.　Indifferent

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