hard (努力,副詞) -hardly (幾乎不,副詞)
close (接近,形容詞) -closely(接近,副詞)
near (接近,形容詞) -nearly (幾乎,副詞), nearby (adj.鄰近的)
most (大多數的,形容詞) -mostly(主要地,大部分 副詞)
late (遲、晚,形容詞) -lately (最近,副詞),later(adv.稍后的)
high (高的,形容詞) -highly (adv. 非常,大大的)
另外: friendly(友好的), lovely(可愛的、有趣的),盡管詞尾有l(wèi)y, 但是都是形容詞作主語:不定式短語可作主語如:To see is to believe (百聞不如一見)
To work hard should be your major concern.
注意:由于英文不習慣句子主語過長,不定式主語常被形式主語it所代替(詳見第十七章)
例如上面第二句可以變?yōu)椋?It should be your major concern to work hard.
又如: It is very nice of you to help me
不定式常接在名詞之后作定語,如:something to read, nothing to do, anything to declare,
a lot to complain of, the right person to talk to, etc.
由上述例子不難看出不定式和被修飾詞間有動賓關系,因此不及物動詞之后必須加上相
搭配的介詞(例如上面的complain + of, talk +to)不定式定語還可表示將來的含義,如:in the years to follow, the meeting to be held in June
獨立主格的主語和句子主語不一致
如:(With) His mouth filled with water, he couldn’t utter a word. (獨立主格) 對于分詞來講其邏輯主語必須和句子的主語保持一致: Filling his mouth with water, he couldn’t utter a word.
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(責任編輯:gx)