為了幫助廣大考生備戰(zhàn)2014年自考英語，小編特意總結(jié)了自考英語一復習資料，希望給廣大考生備考帶來幫助！

第八章

Key words and phrases

1. efficiency : n 效率，其他同根詞：efficient: a 高效率的;inefficient: a 效率低的;inefficiency : n; effective: a 有效果的

1). He has done much to increase the ____ of English teaching.

2). She is very _____ in reducing waste.

3). His ____ study method caused his failure.

4). The city government took some _____ measures to reduce unemployment.

Answers: efficiency, efficient; inefficient, effective

2. increasingly: ad不斷增加地， 由此可以聯(lián)想到：

increase：v 增加; increasing: a 不斷增加的; decrease: v減少;

1). Drinking and smoking among young people _____ to an alarming extent.

2). The truth is becoming ______ apparent.

3). The ____ friendly relations between the two countries strengthen the cultural exchanges between them.

3. prevalent: a 流行的，普通的 = popular

4. calculator : n 計算者，計算器，calculate: v 計算;calculation : n 計算; calculating: a 詭計多端的

5. expose: v 使暴露，揭露，揭發(fā)，exposure: n; expose sb to sth讓某人接觸。。。

6. completion: n 完成、結(jié)束，由此可以聯(lián)想到：

complete: v完成，a 完整的，completeness: n 完整;incomplete: a 不完整的

1). He ____ denied the existence of god.

2). He has never ____ a project on time.

3). Money will be paid half in advance and half on _______.

4). When will the new railway ________?

7). intensity : n 強烈、劇烈，由此可以聯(lián)想到：

intense = strong: a 強烈的, intensive: a 密集的，加強的;intensify: v 加強;intension: n 強烈、緊張。

1). We should ____ the struggle for peace.

2). There are few strong situations or moments of dramatic ______.

3). They have been receiving a four-day ____ training course.

4). They kept working in the ____ heat.

Answers: intensify, intensity, intensive, intense

8. defective : a 有缺點的，defect: n 缺點

9. assemble: v 集合、裝配; assembly: n 裝配

10. expose sth/sb to sth:暴露，面臨、遭受

1). People often expose their skin to the sun in summer.

2). I won't expose my soldiers to such unnecessary risks.

11. in that: 在于，因為

1). I like the country better in that it is closer to nature.

12. in question: 正被談論的，正被考慮的(通常放在被修飾名詞后面)

We know nothing about the plan in question.

Analyze the difficult sentences

1. Most of today's robots are employed in the automotive industry, where they are programmed to take over such jobs as welding and spray painting automobile and truck bodies. (p2)

翻譯：今天大多數(shù)機器人用于汽車工業(yè)，它們按照編好的程序接任了汽車和卡車車身的焊接和噴漆這一類的工作。

分析：該句的考點是where引導的非限定性定語從句，修飾in the automotive industry。另外請注意幾個詞的用法：employ: v 雇傭，使用，相當于use; program: v 編寫程序;take over: 接管、接收、接任，如：Do you want me to take over the driving if you are tired?

such...as例如，welding and spray painting是動名詞，做賓語。

2. Robots, already taking over human tasks in the automotive field, are beginning to be seen , although to a lesser degree, in other industries as well. (p3)

翻譯：除了在汽車生產(chǎn)領域替代人工勞動外，機器人也開始在別的工業(yè)部門應用，雖然應用程度低一些。

分析：該句考點如下：already taking over human tasks in the automotive field是現(xiàn)在分詞短語做定語;to be seen不定式的被動概念;although to a lesser degree讓步狀語，to a lesser degree是表示：在更小的程度上，反義詞：to a larger degree.

3. The robots used in nuclear pants handle the radioactive materials, preventing human personnel from being exposed to radiation. (p3)

翻譯：核電站里使用機器人處理輻射材料，避免人員接觸放射性物質(zhì)。

分析：主語：The robots;謂語：handle;賓語：the radioactive materials;used in nuclear pants handle the radioactive materials是過去分詞短語做定語;preventing human personnel from being exposed to radiation是現(xiàn)在分詞短語做伴隨狀語。being exposed to動名詞被動語態(tài);prevent sb from doing 阻止某人做某事。

4. Robots differ form automatic machines in that after completion of one specific task, they can be reprogrammed by a computer to do another one. (p4)

翻譯：機器人與自動化裝置的區(qū)別在于它們完成一項特定任務后可以由計算機重新編程去執(zhí)行另一項任務。

分析：該句重要考點：in that,相當于because, 所引導從句表原因。如：

Men are different from other animals in that the former can create and use tools while the latter cannot.

5. It is not yet known whether robots will one day have vision as good as human vision. (p5)

翻譯：人們不知道是否有一天機器人能具有像人類一樣好的視覺。

分析：該句的主語是whether引導的主語從句。(有關知識請見課后補充語法。)，it 是形式主語;as good as human vision是后置定語修飾vision;

6. Engineers working on other advances are designing and experimenting with new types of metal hands and fingers, giving robots a sense of touch. (p6)

翻譯：在其他方面努力取得進展的工程人員正在設計和實驗新的金屬手臂和手指，使機器人具有觸覺。

分析：請注意該句中幾個-ing的區(qū)別：working on other advances是非謂語動詞中的現(xiàn)在分詞;are designing and experimenting是謂語動詞的進行時態(tài);giving robots a sense of touch是非謂語動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞做結(jié)果狀語。詞組：experiment with sth實驗。。。

7. These future robots, assembled with a sense of touch and the ability to see and make decisions, will have plenty of work to do. (p7)

翻譯：未來具有觸覺、視覺并能決策的機器人將可以做很多工作。

分析：主語：These future robots;謂語：will have;賓語：plenty of work to do。

assembled with a sense of touch and the ability to see and make decisions是過去分詞短語做定語，修飾主語，其中動詞不定式to see and make decisions是另外一個定語，修飾the ability.

詞組：be assembled with sth = be equipped wth sth裝備有。。。;a sense of touch觸覺，同樣的短語還有：a sense of sight/hearing/smell/taste:視覺，聽覺，嗅覺，味覺;a sense of humor/direction:幽默感/方向感。make decisions做出決定;plenty of sth充足的，足夠的

8. Anyone wanting to understand the industry of the future will have to know about robotics. (p7)

翻譯：任何希望了解未來工業(yè)的人必須懂機器人。

分析：這句話是國考題目中常考的。考點：wanting to understand the industry of the future，是現(xiàn)在分詞短語做定語，修飾anyone. 詞組：know about sth了解。。。，懂得。。。。

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2014年自考英語二章節(jié)復習資料匯總

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