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第七章

Key words and phrases

1. musician : n 音樂家，與其同根的常見詞匯：music : n 音樂;musical : a 音樂的， musically : adv 從音樂上來說的。 Please do the exercises:

1). The ____ of the Beatles became very successful and famous during the 1960s.

2). Although he was born in America, he could play many Chinese ____ instruments.

3). Folk music, the blues and rock'n'roll remained _____ and culturally distinct in the 1960s.

4). Bob Dylan, a famous folk ____ in America, was best known for his anti-war song.

Answers: music, musical, musically, musician

2. consciousness: n 意識、知覺，與其同根的常見詞匯：conscious: a 有知覺的、有意識的 = aware，反義詞：unconscious = unaware; 副詞：consciously, unconsciously。 常用搭配：be aware/unaware of sth; be aware/unaware that.

1). I was ____ that I had made a mistake.

2). ____ did not return to the injured man for two hours.

3). When a person immigrates to a new country, he should ______ adapt himself to the new environment.

Answers: conscious, consciousness, consciously

3. originate: v 發(fā)源、發(fā)生,與其同根的常見詞匯：origin : n 起源、發(fā)源; original : a 原始的，新穎的;n 原著、原稿， originality : n 創(chuàng)新、創(chuàng)造力

1). The use of steam originated many new reforms.

2). I wonder the origins of life on the earth.

3). The Indians were the original inhabitants of North America.

4). The quarrel originated in conflicts between the two families.

5). Her design is of great originality.

4. imitator: n 模仿者，聯(lián)想：imitate: v 模仿;imitation : n 模仿

5. limitless : a 無限制的，與其同根的常見詞匯：limit : n 極限，v 限定;limited ; a 有限的，limitation: n 局限

1). His knowledge about insurance is rather ______.

2). His energy seems to have no ____.

3). A wise man knows his ____.

4). In front of the ____ ocean, he found he was rather insignificant.

Answers: limited, limits, limitation, limitless.

6. penetrating: a 穿透的，貫穿的，動詞：penetrate; 名詞：penetration

7. participant: n 參加者，參與者，與其同根的常見詞匯：participate: v, participation : n 固定搭配：participate in sth.

8. take over: 接管、接任、

When he retired, his son took over business from him.

9. take on : 擔(dān)任，雇用

1). He has taken on a new job.

2). The employer takes on twenty more workers.

Text B:

10). composer: n 作曲家，動詞 compose，名詞 composition

11). inspire: v 鼓舞，產(chǎn)生靈感，inspiration : n 靈感

Genius is 1% of inspiration and 99% of hard work.

12. invariably: ad 不變地，同根詞：variable: a 可變的;variety: n 各種各樣，變化; vary : v 變化;various : a 各種各樣的

13. sake : n 緣故;for the sake of sth為了…的緣故，好處

The company has decided for economy's sake to close down this department.

14. harmony : n 協(xié)調(diào)， harmonize: v使…和諧;harmonious : a 和諧的

15. in a sense: 從某種意義上說。

In a sense, you are right.

16. it goes without saying that不言而喻，理所當(dāng)然

It goes without saying that you will be paid for the overtime work.

Analyze the difficult sentences:

1. The new music was built out of materials already in existence…… (p1)

譯：新音樂是從已有的三種音樂發(fā)展起來的…

句子分析：詞組in existence現(xiàn)有的、已有的;out of = from.

2. The three forms remained musically and culturally distinct, and even as late as 1965, none of them were expressing any radically new states of consciousness. (p1)

譯：這三種形式保留著音樂和文化方面的特色，甚至直到1965年，這三種音樂沒有一種表達(dá)出任何激進的新的意識形態(tài)。

句子分析：主語：The three forms;謂語(系動詞)：remained;表語：distinct. musically and culturally是副詞修飾distinct。as late as 1965時間狀語，none沒有一個;new states of consciousness新的意識狀態(tài)。Radically修飾new.

3. What happened, as well as it can be put into words, was this. (p2)

譯：所發(fā)生的情況，如果用語言盡可能表達(dá)出來是這樣的。

句子分析：主語：What happened，主語從句;was this系表結(jié)構(gòu);as well as在本句中應(yīng)理解為：as…as，像。。一樣好。put inyo words: 用文字表達(dá)

4. They freely took over elements from jazz, from American country music, and as time went on from even more diverse sources. (p2)

譯：他們自由地吸取爵士樂、美國鄉(xiāng)村音樂的成分，隨著時間的推移甚至從更多的來源中吸取營養(yǎng)。

句子分析：本句核心形式：take over sth from sth從…中吸取…;as time went on意思是：隨著時間的推移，如：as time goes on, our vocabulary is enlarging gradually.

Diverse: a 不同的，各種各樣的，相當(dāng)于various.如：

New York is a very culturally diverse city.

5. What developed was a music readily taking on various forms and capable of an almost limitless range of expression. (p2)

譯：音樂的很快發(fā)展成為具有多種形式并且?guī)缀蹙哂袩o限的表現(xiàn)力。

句子分析：主語：What developed，后面是一個系表結(jié)構(gòu)，readily taking on various forms and capable of an almost limitless range of expression分別是現(xiàn)在分詞短語和形容詞短語做定語，修飾music.另外：take on意思：具有;be capable of doing sth有能力做某事。

6. Electronics did, in fact, make possible sounds that no instrument up to that time could produce. (p3)

譯：事實上，電子學(xué)的確可以制作出到那時為止樂器所發(fā)不出的聲音。

句子分析：did make是謂語的強調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)，possible是賓補，提到賓語sounds以及定語從句之前是國考的重要考點，目的是為了避免結(jié)構(gòu)的頭重腳輕現(xiàn)象。(在下一句話中我們還會見到相同用法。)

7. Electronic amplifiers also made possible a fantastic increase in volume, the music becoming as loud and penetrating as the human ear could stand, and thereby achieving a total effect, so that instead of an audience of passive listeners, there were now audiences of total participants, feeling the music in all of their senses and all of their bones. (p3)

譯：電子揚聲器也使得在音量方面能夠有意想不到的提高，音樂在人類耳朵所能承受范圍內(nèi)變得響亮，具有穿透力，由此表達(dá)了一種完美的效果，所以聽眾已不是被動的聽眾，現(xiàn)在的聽眾是完全投入的聽眾，他們在全身心感受著音樂。

句子分析：本句話非常復(fù)雜，可分為四個層次：第一層次是主句：Electronic amplifiers also made possible a fantastic increase in volume;第二層次從the music becoming直至句尾是現(xiàn)在分詞的獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，做伴隨狀語。第三層次：so that引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語從句;第四層次從feeling到句尾為現(xiàn)在分詞短語，又是分詞做伴隨狀語。

8. With records at home, listeners imitated these lighting effects as best as they could, and heightened the whole experience by using drugs. (p4)

譯：家里有了唱片，聽眾盡力模仿舞廳燈光效果并通過使用藥物以加強整體感受。

句子分析：With records at home方式狀語;imitated和heightened兩個并列謂語動詞;as best as one could盡力做某事,如： I sear I will teach him a lesson as best as I could.

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